From its unique design to oil consumption and maintenance concerns, here's what makes Subaru's engine different.
Subaru has built a reputation for innovative engineering, and one of its most recognizable features is the SUBARU BOXER® engine.
If you've ever looked under the hood of a Subaru, you may have noticed that the engine looks a little different from what you typically see in other vehicles. That's no fluke – it's a unique engine design known as a boxer engine.
What Makes a Boxer Engine Different?
Also known as a horizontally opposed engine, a boxer engine places its cylinders on opposite sides of the crankshaft. Rather than moving up and down like the pistons in an inline engine, the pistons move horizontally toward and away from each other in opposing directions, much like two boxers throwing punches (hence the name).
Subaru uses this design because its low, balanced layout offers several advantages:
- Lower Center of Gravity: The flat design allows the engine to sit lower in the vehicle, contributing to a lower center of gravity. This can help improve stability and handling.
- Balanced Operation: The opposing movement of the pistons naturally balances certain engine forces, which can contribute to smoother operation and reduced vibration.
- Works Well With Subaru's AWD Layout: The boxer engine's low and symmetrical design works well with Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system, creating a balanced drivetrain layout.
What Does the Boxer Design Mean for Maintenance?
Because of the boxer's low, wide design, components are positioned differently than they are on a traditional inline engine. This can make certain components more difficult to access and may make some maintenance and repairs more involved.
Subaru engines aren't necessarily more difficult to maintain; their unique layout simply changes how certain services are performed and, in some cases, the labor involved.
Oil Levels and Quality
Unlike a traditional inline engine, the Boxer Engine's horizontal design positions the cylinders differently within the engine. However, engine oil is still designed to drain back to the oil pan as part of the normal lubrication system. Subaru engines rely on proper oil levels and lubrication to protect internal components, so it's important to check your oil regularly and follow the manufacturer's recommended oil type and change intervals.
Spark Plug Replacement
Spark plugs are usually a fairly straightforward service on many engines, but the Boxer Engine's unique shape and placement can make them more difficult to access. Because the cylinders sit on opposite sides of the engine, some Subaru models require additional time and specialized tools to reach and replace the spark plugs. Following the manufacturer's recommended replacement intervals can help keep your engine running properly.
Head Gasket and Valve Cover Seal
Because the Boxer Engine has cylinder heads on opposite sides of the engine, there are sealing surfaces on both sides that can develop leaks as the vehicle ages. Certain older Subaru engines became known for head gasket failures, while valve cover gaskets and other seals can also develop oil leaks or seepage over time.
Regular cooling-system maintenance can help prevent overheating, which is one of the conditions that can contribute to head gasket failure.
Cooling System Maintenance
The Subaru Boxer Engine relies on a properly functioning cooling system to protect the engine from excessive heat. If the engine overheats due to a coolant leak, thermostat failure, water pump problem, or another cooling system issue, it can lead to serious engine damage, including warped components or head gasket failure. Keeping an eye on your temperature gauge, checking coolant levels, and following the manufacturer's recommended coolant service intervals can help protect your engine.
How Precision Tire and Auto Center Can Help
One of the best ways to protect your Subaru and keep it running at its best is to follow the manufacturer's recommended maintenance schedule. At Precision Tire and Auto Center – AZ, our team of ASE-certified technicians is equipped with the tools, skills, and expertise to properly maintain and repair your Subaru. From routine maintenance to diagnosing engine, cooling system, electrical, and other mechanical concerns, we're here to help!
Your Subaru is unique, so choosing an auto repair shop familiar with its engineering and maintenance needs can make Subaru service and repairs a whole lot simpler.
